Vaporizer for hydrocarbon-engines.



PATENTED OCT. 20, 1903.

V. J. EMHRY. VAPORIZEB. FOR HYDROGARBON ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED DEG-1. 1902.

H0 MODEL.

WT/VESSES l v r! m: ummls PETERS co. wnafouma. WASHINGTON.

NITED STATES Patented October 1903.

PATENT OFFICEO VAPQRIZER FOR HYDROCARBON-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 741,959, dated October20, 1903. Application filed December 1, 1902 Serial No. 133,409. Nomodel-l To aZZ whom'it may concern.-

Be it known thatI, VICTOR J. EMERY, of Quincy, in the county of Norfolkand State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Vaporizers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to Vaporizers such as are used in connection withhydrocarbon-engines for vaporizing the oil and mixingit with air to formthe explosive mixture introduced into the cylinder.

The object of the invention is to produce a vaporizer which shall besimple and compact in construction, which may be cheaply made, whichwill not readily get out of order, and which does not require delicateadjustments for its proper and eflicient operation. These objects areaccomplished by the construction and arrangement of parts hereinafterdescribed, the essential features of which will be specified in theclaims.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section through the center of myvaporizer; and Fig. 2 is a section on line 2 2, Fig. 1. i

As shown in the drawings, the walls of the air-chamber A are formed by acasting B, and this chamber is connected with the air-supply through aninlet A, extending laterally from the bottom of the air-chamber.internally screw-threaded to receive the end of the air-supply pipe.Near the top of the casting Ba bar B extends radially inward from thewall of the air-chamber, and in this bar is formed a valve-seat C. A lugB projects radially outward from the casting B in line with the bar B,and in this lug and bar is formed a passage D for the oil. This passageD communicates with the valve-seat 0 through a smaller passage D, whichis controlled by a conical valve E, formed'on the end of a valve-rod E,which extends through the passage D and is screw-threaded in the end ofthe lug B A stuffing-box F is screwed onto the end of the lug, and thevalve-rod E extends through the box F and has a knurled head by which itmay be turned to adjust the size of the opening between the passages Dand D. The lug B is provided with a lateral boss B screw-threaded forconnection with the oil-supply pipe and provided with an inlet-passagefor the oil leading to passage D.

The communication between the oil-pasinstant before the air-valve isopen.

The inlet is.

sage D and the air-chamber is opened and closed by a valve G, formed ona valve-rod G, which extends down through the air-chamber and throughthe bottom of the casting B. The casting 13 extends a short distanceabove the bar B, and within this part of the airchamber is fitted a diskvalve G which forms the air-valve for opening and closing thecommunication between the airand mixing chambers. This valve is securedto the upper end of the rod G above the oil-valve G. These valves are solocated with respect to each other that the disk valve will enter thecylindric upper end of the air-chamber and move down-ward thereinslightly before the oil-admission valve G has reached its seat. It isobvious that when the valve G is moved upward by the suction of theengine the oilvalve G will be opened first, thereby permitting the oilto flow up over the cross-bar an This permits the oil to flow into thepath of the air before the same is drawn upward. The walls of themixing-chamber H are formed by a globular casting I, which is screwedonto the top of casting B and is provided with an outlet H at the topinternally screw-threaded to receive the end of the pipe leading to theexplosion-chamber of the engine cylinder. When the piston advances onthe suctionstroke of the engine, the valve 9 is raised until it passesout of the upper end of the air-chamber, thereby opening communicationbetween the chamber A and mixing-chamber H. This movement also opens thevalve G, so that oil enters below the valve G and is carried up with theair. The oil as it strikes against and passes over the edge of thevalvedisk G is broken up and vaporized and becomes mixed with the air asthe air and vapor pass through the mixing chamber H. Means are providedat the lower end of the valve-rod G for varying the extent to which thevalve G is opened. This means consists of a nut J, screwed onto the endof the valverod, which strikes against a boss 13 on the lower end of thecasting B and limits the upward movement of thevalve-r-od. By adj ustingthis nut the opening of the valve G may be regulated to vary the amountof air supplied, and consequently the character of the charge, to suitthe requirements for different loads or speeds. The nut J is held inadjusted position by a check-nut .T.

A recess K is formed in the bottom of the chamber A, in which any excessof oil which may pass or leak by the valve G will collect and from whichit will pass away through drip-openings K, thereby preventing any unduecollection of oil in the air-chamber.

There is a great advantage in forming the horizontal cross-bar B abovethe air-inlet A and just below the outlet from the air-chamber andforming the valve-seat O in the upper side of said bar at the middlethereof, so that the said valve-seat will be at the axial center of theair-chamber A. The result of this is that oil entering the airchamberthrough the passage D will pass upward over the bar B and will beuniformly distributed in the air-chamber. This bar will to a certainextent break up the air-currents flowing upward through the air-chamber,causing said upward-flowing air to be uniformly distributed. The upwardand outward flaring valve G will also aid in breaking up theair-currents and causing a uniform distribution of the oil or gasolenevapor through the air. The valve or disk G at the upper end of theair-chamber will still further break up the air-currents. This disk inconjunction with the transverse horizontal bar will cause such a swirlof air that the vapor will be thoroughly distributed therethrough andwill pass into the commingling-chamber H in a thoroughly-mixedcondition. It will also be noted that as the valvedisk G is raised thesize of the passage around said disk into the commingling-chamberincreases by reason of the fact that the walls of the commingling-chamber incline outwardly and upwardly from the top of theair-chamber A. This insures a free movement of the air from theair-chamber A, the volume of air passing out from said chamberincreasing as the valve G is elevated. This is of advantage, inasmuch asthe charge taken into the cylinder at each suction-stroke may be nicelyregulated by adjusting the nuts J and J on the valve rod or stem G tolimit the upward movement of the valve G By carrying the valve and stemdownward and mounting the adjusting and locking nuts on the lower outerend thereof the commingling-chamber is entirely free of obstructions.This is a great advantage, as it permits of a free commingling of theair and vapor therein and enables its full capacity to be availed of.

The air-inlet valve and oil-admission valve and the oil-regulating valveare all mounted in one casting. This is of advantage in that it enablesthe valves to be accurately fitted to their seats and avoids alldanger'of disarranging the valves when the parts are assembled on theengine.

The disk valve G and the oil-admission valve G form gravity-closures, nospring being used to hold the valve G to its seat, the weight of theseparts being sufficient to quickly and positively close the valves. It

will be readily seen, therefore, that the nuts J and J may be adjustedon the valve-stem to vary the upward movement of the valves withoutincreasing the pressure of the oil-admission valve G on its seat. Thisis a great advantage, as the resistance of the valves is not increasedeven though the nuts be so adjusted as to permit only a slight openingof the valves.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A vaporizer comprising, a vertical airchamber provided with ahorizontal cross-bar near its upperend, said chamber being cylindricalabove said cross-bar, an upward and outward expanding valve-seat formedin the top of the cross-bar midway its ends, an oilpassage being formedin the said bar its inner end opening to the valve-seat formed therein,a vertical valve-rod working through said cross-bar and through thelower end of the air-chamber, an oil-admission valve on said rod adaptedto rest in the valve-seat of the cross-bar, a piston-valve secured tosaid valve-rod above the oil-admission valve and adapted to fit thecylindric part of the airchamber, said valve being mounted on thevalve-rod in such a position that the pistonvalve will enter theair-chamber before the oil-valve is seated, an adjustable valve forcontrolling said oil-inlet, and adjusting and locking'nuts on the lowerend of the valverod outside of the casing.

2. A vaporizer comprising, a vertical airchamber formed with anair-inlet at its lower end, a horizontal cross-bar near its upper end,said chamber above the cross-bar being cylindric, an upward enlargedvalve-seat in the top of the cross-bar, an oil-inlet formed in saidcross-bar and opening to the valve-seat, a central vertical valve-rodmounted in the cross-bar and extending through the bottom of theair-chamber, an oil-admission valve secured to said rod and adapted torest in the valve-seat of the cross-bar, a piston-valve secured to saidvalve-rod above the oil-admission valve said valves being so locatedwith respect to each other that the pistonvalve will enter the cylinderand move downward therein before the oil-admission valve is seated andthe oil-admission valve will be open before the piston-valve is raisedout of the cylindric part of the air-chamber, a valve to control theflow of oil to the valve-seat, an adjustable stop-nut on the lower endof the valve-rod outside of the air-chamber, whereby the extent of theupward movement of the valve-rod may be regulated without varying thepressure of oil-ad mission valve on its seat.

3. A vaporizer formed of a single casting said casting constituting avertical air-chamber having an air-inlet near its lower end, ahorizontal cross-bar near its upper end, the interior of the saidchamber being cylindric above said cross -bar, an upward enlargedvalveseat formed in the top of the said cross-bar, an oil-inlet openingthrough the cross-bar to by said valve-rod and adapted to rest in thevalve-seat of the cross-bar, a piston-valve secured to said valve-rodabove the oil-admission valve, this latter valve being adapted to enterand move down in the cylindric part of the air-chamber before theoil-admission valve is seated, a valve to control the flow of oil, and astop-nut secured to the lower end 15' of the valve-rod outside of theair-chamber.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of twowitnesses.

VICTOR J. EMERY. Witnesses:

IRA L. FISH, KATHARINE A. DUGAN.

